vestnikcstroyВестник НИЦ «Строительство»Bulletin of Science and Research Center of Construction2224-94942782-3938АО «НИЦ «Строительство»10.37538/2224-9494-2022-2(33)-44-62vestnikcstroy-191Research ArticleБЕТОН И ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОН – ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫCONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE: CURRENT ISSUES AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTSОпределение тепловыделения бетона при его твердении в изотермических условияхDetermination of the concrete heat emission during its hardening in isothermal conditionsБаранникН. В.BarannikN. V.

Наталья Валерьевна Баранник, руководитель группы физико-химических испытаний строительных материалов отдела подготовки и проведения экспериментальных работ № 29

2-я Институтская ул., д. 6, г. Москва, 109428

Natalia V. Barannik, Group Head, Group of Physical and Chemical Tests of Construction Materials, Department of Preparation and Conduct of Experimental Works No. 29,

2nd Institutskaya str., 6, Moscow, 109428

nvbarannik@mail.ruКотовС. В.KotovS. V.

Сергей Владимирович Котов, канд. техн. наук, зам. руководителя группы физико-химических испытаний строительных материалов отдела подготовки и проведения экспериментальных работ № 29,

2-я Институтская ул., д. 6, г. Москва, 109428

Sergey V. Kotov , Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Deputy of the Group Head, Group of Physical and Chemical Tests of Construction Materials, Department of Preparation and Conduct of Experimental Works No. 29, 

2nd Institutskaya str., 6, Moscow, 109428

kottoffser@gmail.comПотаповаЕ. С.PotapovaE. S.

Елена Станиславовна Потапова, главный специалист группы физико-химических испытаний строительных материалов отдела подготовки и проведения экспериментальных работ № 29,

2-я Институтская ул., д. 6, г. Москва, 109428

Elena S. Potapova, Chief Specialist, Group of Physical and Chemical Tests of Construction Materials, Department of Preparation and Conduct of Experimental Works No. 29, 

2nd Institutskaya str., 6, Moscow, 109428

potapova96helena@yandex.ruМалахинС. С.MalakhinS. S.

Сергей Сергеевич Малахин, главный специалист группы физико-химических испытаний строительных материалов отдела подготовки и проведения экспериментальных работ № 29,

2-я Институтская ул., д. 6, г. Москва, 109428

Sergey S. Malakhin, Chief specialist, Group of Physical and Chemical Tests of Construction Materials, Department of Preparation and Conduct of Experimental Works No. 29,

2nd Institutskaya str., 6, Moscow, 109428

malakhin2013@yandex.ruНаучно-исследовательский, проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт бетона и железобетона (НИИЖБ) им. А.А. Гвоздева АО «НИЦ «Строительство»РоссияResearch Institute of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete (NIIZHB) named after A.A. Gvozdev, JSC Research Center of ConstructionRussian Federation2022180420223324462Copyright © Баранник Н.В., Котов С.В., Потапова Е.С., Малахин С.С., 20222022Баранник Н.В., Котов С.В., Потапова Е.С., Малахин С.С.Barannik N.V., Kotov S.V., Potapova E.S., Malakhin S.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.cstroy.ru/jour/article/view/191Введение

Введение. Тепловыделение бетона при его твердении в адиабатических условиях определяется по ГОСТ 24316. Данный метод сильно ограничен в исследовательских возможностях, т. к. в условиях постоянно повышающейся температуры невозможно адекватно оценить влияние различных компонентов или условий твердения на процессы, происходящие при твердении бетона. Оценка тепловыделения при твердении в изотермических условиях позволяет получать гораздо больше информации о процессе твердения исследуемого материала. Напрямую определить тепловыделение бетона при твердении в изотермических условиях технически крайне сложно.

Цель

Цель: разработка способа определения тепловыделения бетона в изотермических условиях.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. В работе были использованы портландцемент ЦЕМ I 52,5Н ГОСТ 31108-2016; кварцевый песок; щебень габбро диабаз; вода затворения по ГОСТ 23732-2011. Определение прочности образцов бетона выполняли согласно ГОСТ 10180-2012. Для калориметрических исследований в работе использован изотермический калориметр TAM Air (TA Instruments).

Результаты

Результаты. Разработан способ определения тепловыделения бетонов в изотермических условиях путем определения тепловыделения при твердении модельных смесей, отражающих состав исследуемого бетона. Оптимальный размер фракций частиц песка и щебня для изготовления модельных смесей составляет от 0,16 до 0,315 мм. Определено тепловыделение при твердении в изотермических условиях 10 модельных смесей, отражающих состав исследуемых бетонов. Исследован класс прочности 10 составов бетона, различающихся содержанием цемента. Определена зависимость тепловыделения модельных смесей и классов прочности исследуемых составов бетонов. Тепловыделение при твердении в изотермических условиях модельных смесей находится в прямой зависимости от прочности исследуемых составов бетона.

Выводы

Выводы. Определение тепловыделения при твердении в изотермических условиях модельных смесей, отражающих состав бетонных смесей, является полезным испытанием, значительно ускоряющим, удешевляющим и облегчающим процесс контроля и проектирования составов бетонов. 

Introduction

Introduction. The heat emission of concrete during its hardening in adiabatic conditions is typically determined according to the GOST 24316 State Satndard. This method is quite limited in research possibilities, since under the conditions of constantly increasing temperature, it appears impossible to adequately assess the influence of various components or hardening conditions on the processes occurring during the concrete hardening. The assessment of the heat emission during the isothermal hardening allows much more information about the hardening process of the studied material to be obtained. The direct determination of the concrete heat emission during hardening in isothermal conditions appears to be extremely difficult in technical aspect.

Aim

Aim. The study is aimed at developing a method for determining the heat emission of the concrete in isothermal conditions.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The GOST 31108-2016 TsEM I 52.5N portland cement, quartz sand, crushed gabbrodiabase, and the GOST 23732-2011 mixing water were used in the study. The strength of concrete samples was determined in accordance with the GOST 10180-2012 State Standard. The TAM Air (TA Instruments) isothermal calorimeter was used for calorimetric studies.

Results

Results. As a result of the performed studies, a method for determining the concrete heat emission in isothermal conditions was developed on the basis of assessment of the heat emission during the hardening of model mixtures reflecting the composition of the studied concrete. The optimal particle size of the sand and crushed stone fractions for model mixtures comprises 0.16–0.315 mm. The heat emission during the isothermal hardening of 10 model mixtures reflecting the composition of the studied concrete grades was determined. The strength class of 10 concrete compositions differing in cement content was established. The dependence of the heat emitted by model mixtures on the strength classes of the studied concrete compositions was determined. The heat emission of model mixtures during the isothermal hardening was established to be directly dependent on the strength of the studied concrete compositions.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The determination of the amount of heat emitted by model mixtures reflecting the composition of concrete mixtures during the isothermal hardening represents a useful cost-effective test significantly accelerating and facilitating the process of control and design of concrete compositions. 

бетонтепловыделение бетонаизотермическая калориметрияconcreteconcrete heat emissionisothermal calorimetryReferencesLinderoth O., Wadsö L., Jansen D. Long-term cement hydration studies with isothermal calorimetry. Cement and Concrete Research. 2021;141:106344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106344Linderoth O., Wadsö L., Jansen D. Long-term cement hydration studies with isothermal calorimetry. Cement and Concrete Research. 2021;141:106344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106344Scrivener K., Ouzia A., Juilland P., Kunhi Mohamed A. Advances in understanding cement hydration mechanisms. Cement and Concrete Research. 2019;124:105823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105823Scrivener K., Ouzia A., Juilland P., Kunhi Mohamed A. Advances in understanding cement hydration mechanisms. Cement and Concrete Research. 2019;124:105823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105823Ушеров-Маршак А.В. Калориметрия цемента и бетона. Избранные труды. Харьков: Факт; 2002.Usherov-Marshak A.V. Calorimetry of cement and concrete. Selected works. Khar’kov: Fact Publ.; 2002 (in Russian).Мчедлов-Петросян О.П., Урженко А.М. Тепловыделение при твердении вяжущих веществ и бетонов. Москва: Стройиздат; 1984.Mchedlov-Petrosyan O.P, Usherov-Marshak A.V., Urzhenko A.M. Heat emission during the hardening of binders and concretes. Moscow: Stroiizdat Publ.; 1984 (in Russian).De Weerdt K., Ben Haha M., Le Saout G., Kjellsen K.O., Justnes H., Lothenbach B. Hydration mechanisms of ternary Portland cements containing lime stone powder and fly ash. Cement and Concrete Research. 2011;41:279–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.11.014De Weerdt K., Ben Haha M., Le Saout G., Kjellsen K.O., Justnes H., Lothenbach B. Hydration mechanisms of ternary Portland cements containing lime stone powder and fly ash. Cement and Concrete Research. 2011;41:279–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.11.014Jansen D., Goetz-Neunhoeffer F., Lothenbach B., Neubauer J. The early hydration of ordinary Portland cement (OPC): an approach comparing measured heat flow with calculated heat flow from QXRD. Cement and Concrete Research. 2012;42(1):134–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.09.001Jansen D., Goetz-Neunhoeffer F., Lothenbach B., Neubauer J. The early hydration of ordinary Portland cement (OPC): an approach comparing measured heat flow with calculated heat flow from QXRD. Cement and Concrete Research. 2012;42(1):134–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.09.001Berodier K., Scrivener K. Evolution of pore structure in blended systems. Cement and Concrete Research. 2015;73:25–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.02.025Berodier K., Scrivener K. Evolution of pore structure in blended systems. Cement and Concrete Research. 2015;73:25–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.02.025Sivasundaram V., Carette G.G., Malhotra V.M. Long-term strength development of high-volume fly ash concrete. Cement & Concrete Composites. 1990;12(4): 263–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/0958-9465(90)90005-iSivasundaram V., Carette G.G., Malhotra V.M. Long-term strength development of high-volume fly ash concrete. Cement & Concrete Composites. 1990;12(4): 263–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/0958-9465(90)90005-iDing X., Li C., Xu Y., Li F., Zhao S. Experimental study on long-term compressive strength of concrete with manufactured sand. Construction and Building Materials. 2016;108:67–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.01.028Ding X., Li C., Xu Y., Li F., Zhao S. Experimental study on long-term compressive strength of concrete with manufactured sand. Construction and Building Materials. 2016;108:67–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.01.028Запорожец И.Д., Окороков С.Д., Парийский А.А. Тепловыделение бетона. – Москва: Издательство литературы по строительству; 1966.Zaporozhets I.D., Okorokov S.D., Pariiskii A.A. Heat emission of concrete. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo literatury po stroitel’stvu; 1966 (in Russian).Wadsö L. An experimental comparison between isothermal calorimetry, semi-adiabatic calorimetry and solution calorimetry for the study of cement hydration. Nordtest Techn. Report 522 [Internet]. 2003. Available at: http://www.nordtest.info/wp/2003/03/28/an-experimental-comparison-between-isothermal-calorimetry-semi-adiabatic-calorimetry-and-solution-calorimetry-for-the-study-of-cement-hydration-nt-tr-522/Wadsö L. An experimental comparison between isothermal calorimetry, semi-adiabatic calorimetry and solution calorimetry for the study of cement hydration. Nordtest Techn. Report 522 [Internet]. 2003. Available at: http://www.nordtest.info/wp/2003/03/28/an-experimental-comparison-between-isothermal-calorimetry-semi-adiabatic-calorimetry-and-solution-calorimetry-for-the-study-of-cement-hydration-nt-tr-522/Wadsö L. Operational issues in isothermal calorimetry. Cement and Concrete Research. 2010;40(7):1129– 1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.03.017Wadsö L. Operational issues in isothermal calorimetry. Cement and Concrete Research. 2010;40(7):1129– 1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2010.03.017Bogner A., Link J., Baum M., Mahlbacher M., Gil-Diaz T., Lutzenkirchen J., et al. Early hydration and microstructure formation of Porland cement paste studied by oscillation rheology, isothermal calorimetry, 1H NMR relaxometry, conductance and SAXS. Cement and Concrete Research. 2020;130:105977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.105977Bogner A., Link J., Baum M., Mahlbacher M., Gil-Diaz T., Lutzenkirchen J., et al. Early hydration and microstructure formation of Porland cement paste studied by oscillation rheology, isothermal calorimetry, 1H NMR relaxometry, conductance and SAXS. Cement and Concrete Research. 2020;130:105977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.105977De Matos P.R., Prudencio Jr. L.R., Pilar R., Gleize P.J.P., Pelisser F. Use of recycled water from mixer truck wash in concrete: effect on the hydration, fresh and hardened properties. Construction and Building Materials. 2020;230:116981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116981De Matos P.R., Prudencio Jr. L.R., Pilar R., Gleize P.J.P., Pelisser F. Use of recycled water from mixer truck wash in concrete: effect on the hydration, fresh and hardened properties. Construction and Building Materials. 2020;230:116981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116981John E., Epping J.D., Stephan D. The influence of the chemical and physical properties of C-S-H seed o their potential to accelerate cement hydration. Construction and Building Materials. 2019;228:116723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116723John E., Epping J.D., Stephan D. The influence of the chemical and physical properties of C-S-H seed o their potential to accelerate cement hydration. Construction and Building Materials. 2019;228:116723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116723Frølich L., Wadsö L., Sandberg P. Using isothermal calorimetry to predict one day mortar strengths. Cement and Concrete Research. 2016;88:108–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.06.009Frølich L., Wadsö L., Sandberg P. Using isothermal calorimetry to predict one day mortar strengths. Cement and Concrete Research. 2016;88:108–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.06.009Königsberger M., Carette J. Validated hydration model for slag-blended cement based on calorimetry measurements. Cement and Concrete Research. 2020;128:105950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105950Königsberger M., Carette J. Validated hydration model for slag-blended cement based on calorimetry measurements. Cement and Concrete Research. 2020;128:105950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105950Pichler C., Lackner R. Post-peak decelerating reaction of Portland cement: monitoring by heat flow calorimetry, modelling by Elovich-Landsberg model and reaction-order model. Construction and Building Materials. 2020;231:117107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117107Pichler C., Lackner R. Post-peak decelerating reaction of Portland cement: monitoring by heat flow calorimetry, modelling by Elovich-Landsberg model and reaction-order model. Construction and Building Materials. 2020;231:117107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117107Parrott L.J., Geiker M., Gutteridge W.A., Killoh D. Monitoring Portland cement hydration: comparison of methods. Cement and Concrete Research. 1990;20(6):919–926. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(90)90054-2Parrott L.J., Geiker M., Gutteridge W.A., Killoh D. Monitoring Portland cement hydration: comparison of methods. Cement and Concrete Research. 1990;20(6):919–926. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(90)90054-2Wadsö L. Temperature changes within samples in heat conduction calorimeters. Thermochimica Acta. 2001;366(2):121–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6031(00)00738-3Wadsö L. Temperature changes within samples in heat conduction calorimeters. Thermochimica Acta. 2001;366(2):121–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6031(00)00738-3

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.