vestnikcstroyВестник НИЦ «Строительство»Bulletin of Science and Research Center of Construction2224-94942782-3938АО «НИЦ «Строительство»10.37538/2224-9494-2025-2(45)-20-43VKMPIKvestnikcstroy-529Research ArticleСТРОИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ, ЗДАНИЯ И СООРУЖЕНИЯBUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS, BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURESПрактическая эффективность систем сейсмоизоляции зданий: эмпирические данные и уроки разрушительных землетрясений XXI векаPractical efficiency of seismic base isolation systems for buildings: empirical data and lessons from destructive earthquakes of the 21st centuryГизятуллинИ. Р.GiziatullinI. R.

Ильнур Раэлевич Гизятуллин*, заведующий сектором расчета сооружений лаборатории сейсмостойких сооружений и инновационных методов сейсмозащиты (ЛССИМС) центра исследований сейсмостойкости сооружений (ЦИСС), ЦНИИСК им. В.А. Кучеренко АО «НИЦ «Строительство», академический советник РИА, Москва

ул. 2-я Институтская, д. 6, к. 1, г. Москва, 109428, Российская Федерация

e-mail: ilnur@seismic-research.ru 

Ilnur R. Giziatullin*, Sectotal Head, Sector for Calculation of Structures, Laboratory of Earthquake-Resistant Structures and Innovative Methods of Earthquake Protection, Center for Research of Earthquake Resistance of Structures, Research Institute of Building Constructions named after V.A. Koucherenko, JSC Research Center of Construction, Academic Advisor of the Russian Academy of Engineering, Moscow

2nd Institutskaya str., 6, bld. 1, Moscow, 109428, Russian Federation

e-mail: ilnur@seismic-research.ru 

ФаттаховаА. И.FattakhovaA. I.

Алсу Ильсуровна Фаттахова, канд. техн. наук, старший научный сотрудник сектора сейсмостойкости конструкций ЛССИМС ЦИСС, ЦНИИСК им. В.А. Кучеренко АО «НИЦ «Строительство», Москва

ул. 2-я Институтская, д. 6, к. 1, г. Москва, 109428, Российская Федерация

Alsu I. Fattakhova, Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Senior Researcher, Sector for Calculation of Structures, Laboratory of Earthquake-Resistant Structures and Innovative Methods of Earthquake Protection, Center for Research of Earthquake Resistance of Structures, Research Institute of Building Constructions named after V.A. Koucherenko, JSC Research Center of Construction, Moscow

2nd Institutskaya str., 6, bld. 1, Moscow, 109428, Russian Federation

ПетросянИ. А.PetrosyanI. A.

Инна Артемовна Петросян, младший научный сотрудник сектора расчета сооружений ЛССИМС ЦИСС, ЦНИИСК им. В.А. Кучеренко АО «НИЦ «Строительство», Москва

ул. 2-я Институтская, д. 6, к. 1, г. Москва, 109428, Российская Федерация

Inna A. Petrosyan, Junior Researcher, Sector for Calculation of Structures, Laboratory of Earthquake-Resistant Structures and Innovative Methods of Earthquake Protection, Center for Research of Earthquake Resistance of Structures, Research Institute of Building Constructions named after V.A. Koucherenko, JSC Research Center of Construction, Moscow

2nd Institutskaya str., 6, bld. 1, Moscow, 109428, Russian Federation

БутиковаТ. Е.ButikovaT. E.

Татьяна Евгеньевна Бутикова, техник сектора расчета сооружений ЛССИМС ЦИСС, ЦНИИСК им. В.А. КучеренкоАО «НИЦ «Строительство», Москва

ул. 2-я Институтская, д. 6, к. 1, г. Москва, 109428, Российская Федерация

Tatiana E. Butikova, Technician, Sector for Calculation of Structures, Laboratory of Earthquake-Resistant Structures and Innovative Methods of Earthquake Protection, Center for Research of Earthquake Resistance of Structures, Research Institute of Building Constructions named after V.A. Koucherenko, JSC Research Center of Construction, Moscow

2nd Institutskaya str., 6, bld. 1, Moscow, 109428, Russian Federation

Центральный научно-исследовательский институт строительных конструкций (ЦНИИСК) им. В.А. Кучеренко, АО «НИЦ «Строительство»РоссияResearch Institute of Building Constructions named after V.A. Koucherenko, JSC Research Center of ConstructionRussian Federation2025030720254522043Copyright © Гизятуллин И.Р., Фаттахова А.И., Петросян И.А., Бутикова Т.Е., 20252025Гизятуллин И.Р., Фаттахова А.И., Петросян И.А., Бутикова Т.Е.Giziatullin I.R., Fattakhova A.I., Petrosyan I.A., Butikova T.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.cstroy.ru/jour/article/view/529Введение

Введение. Повышение надежности и механической безопасности зданий в сейсмоопасных регионах является одной из приоритетных задач современного строительства. Наиболее перспективным направлением в обеспечении сейсмостойкости зданий признано применение систем сейсмоизоляции, обеспечивающих снижение сейсмических нагрузок на конструктивную систему здания. В статье рассматривается проблема и подчеркивается актуальность исследования поведения зданий и сооружений с системами сейсмоизоляции в условиях реальных сейсмических воздействий, а также оценка их технического состояния после сейсмических событий.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. В статье представлен обзор и критический анализ результатов оценки последствий разрушительных землетрясений, касающихся поведения сейсмоизолированных зданий и эффективности систем сейсмоизоляции. Особое внимание уделено последствиям разрушительных землетрясений, произошедших в Чили (2010), Новой Зеландии (2010), Японии (2011 и 2016), а также в Турции (2023), где наличие или отсутствие систем сейсмоизоляции существенно повлияло на сохранность зданий и сооружений критически важной инфраструктуры.

Результаты

Результаты. Установлено, что системы сейсмоизоляции позволяют существенно снизить инерционные сейсмические нагрузки, обеспечивая работоспособность зданий даже при воздействиях, превышающих проектные уровни. Все современные сейсмоизолированные здания, рассмотренные в настоящей работе, выдержали сейсмические воздействия, в том числе сверхнормативные, без потери функциональности и эксплуатационной пригодности. Исключением стал случай в Турции, где зафиксированы повреждения сейсмоизолированного здания, вызванные нарушениями технологии и ошибками, допущенными на стадии строительства.

Выводы

Выводы. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о высокой эффективности современных систем сейсмоизоляции в обеспечении надежности и механической безопасности зданий при сейсмических воздействиях. Основные преимущества применения систем сейсмоизоляции включают снижение повреждаемости несущих и ограждающих конструкций, сохранение функциональности и эксплуатационной пригодности зданий во время и после сейсмического воздействия, что особенно важно для критически важной инфраструктуры. При этом отмечается важность надлежащего проектирования, строительства и технического обслуживания сейсмоизолированных зданий.

Introduction

Introduction. Improving the reliability and mechanical safety of buildings in seismically hazardous regions is one of the priority tasks of contemporary construction. The most promising direction in ensuring seismic resistance of buildings is recognized as seismic base isolation systems reducing seismic loads on the building structure. The present article examines the problem and emphasizes the relevance of studying the behavior of buildings and structures with seismic base isolation systems under real seismic impacts, as well as provides the assessment of their technical condition after seismic events.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The presented results of assessing the consequences of destructive earthquakes are analyzed for the behavior of base-isolated buildings and effectiveness of seismic base isolation systems. Particular attention is paid to the consequences of devastating earthquakes that occurred in Chile (2010), New Zealand (2010), Japan (2011 and 2016), and Turkey (2023), when the presence or absence of seismic base isolation systems significantly affected the safety of critical buildings and structures.

Results

Results. Seismic base isolation systems can significantly reduce inertial seismic loads, thus ensuring the operability of buildings even under impacts exceeding design levels. All contemporary base-isolated buildings considered in this paper withstood seismic impacts, including those above the limits, without loss of functionality and operational suitability. An exception was the case in Turkey, where the recorded damage to a base-isolated building was caused by violations of technology and errors made at the construction stage.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The results of the study indicate a high efficiency of contemporary seismic base isolation systems for ensuring the reliability and mechanical safety of buildings under seismic impacts. The main advantages of using seismic base isolation systems include the reduced damage to load-bearing and enclosing structures and maintained functionality and serviceability of buildings during and after seismic impacts, which is especially considerable for critical infrastructure. The importance of proper design, construction, and maintenance of base-isolated buildings is noted.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.