The metal hybrid structures of roofs

Abstract

Various types of the roofs hybrid metal structures are presented. The Russian engineer V.C. Shukhov was a first author of such designs. The roofs hybrid metal structures include structurally integrated tension elements and elements working for compression and bend. Flexible guys and rigid elements work in common. There is a lot types of the hybrid systems. Archguy systems contain a rigid curvilinear top chord and the tension lower chord. They are united by flexible elements such as guys, suspension brackets or compressed struts. The combined truss bar systems include the top and lower chords united by two couple V-figurative racks. The suspended combined systems include the rigid girder structure suspended to the external guys fixed on columns or pillars. The new progressive direction of development the hybrid structures are tensegrity-systems. The general concept and the theory of this system were offered and developed by B. Fuller. The tensegrity-system is a set of the elements working only for tension or compression. Stability and rigidity of system is provided with prestressing and a self- balancing of elements, at optimum redistribution between them external loadings. The description of a structure, optimal solutions, and examples of the constructed building are given.