Effects of composite material layering on the buckling mode of a cylindrical shell

Introduction. At present, composite materials are widely used in building structures and their components. The relevance of the work is determined by the buckling study of a shell structure made of a carbon fiber reinforced polymer. Despite the available experience in creating geometric models of finite element grids and studying the buckling of shell structures, the task of analyzing the mechanical behavior of shell layers remains insufficiently investigated. Therefore, research into the effects caused by polymer layering variations on a buckling mode appears to be urgent for regulating the layering process at various angle combinations due to a lack of sufficient data.

Aim. The study was aimed at identifying a layering pattern, under which maximum and minimum critical forces operate.

Materials and methods. The object of the study involves a cylindrical shell with a radius of 300 mm, a height of 600 mm, and a wall thickness of 1.56 mm made of eight variously-oriented carbon fiber layers impregnated with epoxy resin. The design modeling was performed using the finite element method. The cylindrical shell walls were modeled in terms of Laminate type flat elements, taking into account the composite layers. At the lower end, the cylinder was rigidly fixed and 100 kN axial compressive force was applied to the upper end of the cylinder. Using a software package, the variants of buckling modes were obtained for further analysis.

Results. The data, describing the buckling of a cylindrical shell, including the critical load coefficient at the first buckling mode were obtained by the finite element method. In addition, the dependence of a critical force on layering patterns was determined. Depending on the critical force value and the buckling mode, the most and least favorable patterns of layering in a package of a composite material were selected.

Conclusions. The orientation of layers in a composite material package affects the buckling mode and the value of critical force. An optimal selection of the layer orientation increases the critical force value by 2.25 times based on the information about the conditions of structural loading and fastening. 

1. Rah K., Van Paepegem W., Habraken A.M., Degrieck J. A mixed solid-shell element for the analysis of laminated composites. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering. 2012;89(7):805–828. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.3263

2. Sofiyev A.H., Avcar M. The stability of cylindrical shells containing an FDM layer subjected to axial load on the pasternak foundation. Engineering. 2010;02(04):228–236. https://doi.org/10.4236/eng.2010.24033

3. Tsygvintsev I.V., Postnikova P.I., Sentsov I.V. The use of composite materials in construction. Innovatsionnoe razvitie [Innovative development]. 2017;(7):26–29 (in Russian).

4. Korbova A.A. Designing a light boat superstructure made of polymer composite materials. Trudy Krylovskogo gosudarstvennogo nauchnogo tsentra = Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre. 2020;(S2):242–249 (in Russian).

5. Malakhovsky S.S., Panafidnikova A.N., Kostromina N.V., Osipchik V.S. Carbon fiber plastics in the modern world: their properties and applications. Uspekhi v khimii i khimicheskoi tekhnologii = Advances in chemistry and chemical technology. 2019;33(6):62–64 (in Russian).

6. Quintelier J., Samyn P., De Baets P., Tuzolana T., Van Paepegem W., Van den Abeele F., Vermeulen J. Wear behavior of carbon fiber-reinforced poly (phenylene sulfide). Polymer Composites. 2006;27(1):92–98. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.20165

7. Samyn P., Van Schepdael L., Leendertz J. S., Gerber A., Van Paepegem W., De Baets Degrieck J. Deformation of reinforced polymer bearing elements on full-scale compressive strength and creep tests under yielding conditions. Polymer Testing. 2006;25(2):230–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2005.10.004

8. Davletchin D.I. Composite materials for aircraft construction, power engineering, mechanical engineering. Naukoemkie tekhnologii Science Intensive Technologies. 2019;20(2):34–39 (in Russian).

9. Aimenov Zh.T., Khudyakova T.M., Sarsenbayev B.K. Composite cements production and their economic and technological advantages. In: Industrial Technologies and Engineering (ICITE-2017): IV International Conference, Shymkent, Kazakhstan, October 26–27, 2017. Shymkent, Kazakhstan: Republican state Enterprise on the right of economic management “M. Auezov South Kazakhstan State University”; 2017. p. 301–306.

10. Stepanova M.Y., Baurova N.I. Analysis of methods for determining the biostability of polymer composite materials used in mechanical engineering. Polymer Science. Series D. 2020;13(3):345–348. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995421220030193

11. Lamberti M., Pedata P., Sannolo N., Porto S., Caraglia M., De Rosa A. Carbon nanotubes: properties, biomedical applications, advantages and risks in patients and occupationally-exposed workers. International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology. 2015;28(1):4–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/0394632015572559

12. Neumeister J., Jansson S., Leckie F. The effect of fiber architecture on the mechanical properties of carbon/ carbon fiber composites. Acta Materialia. 1996;44(2):573–585. https://doi.org/10.1016/1359-6454(95)00184-0

13. Vasilescu A., Gáspár S., Hayat A., Marty J.-L. Аdvantages of carbon nanomaterials in electrochemical aptasensors for food analysis. Electroanalysis. 2018;30(1):2–19. https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.201700578

14. Anoshkin A.N., Fedorovtsev D.I., Pisarev P.V., Osokin V.M. Calculation of the stress-strain state of a flange made of polymer composite materials with a defect in the form of a bundle. Vestnik Permskogo natsional’nogo issledovatel’skogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Aerokosmicheskaya tekhnika = PNRPU Aerospace Engineering Bulletin. 2015;43:116–130 (in Russian).

15. Kartashova E.D., Muyzemnek A.Yu. Calculation of interlayer stresses in composite shells with double positive curvature. Vestnik Penzenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Vestnik of Penza state university. 2017;(2):105–111 (in Russian).

16. Kudryashov A.B., Kutyshov V.F. Methodology of calculation and design of hatch doors of aircraft made of composite materials. Uchenye zapiski TsAGI [Scientific notes of TsAGI]. 1985;16(5):74–83 (in Russian).

17. Adegova L.A., Goldaeva A.V., Parshin I.V. Study of structural elements stability loss. In: Intellectual potential of Siberia: Collection of scientific papers. Novosibirsk: Novosibirsk State Technical University; 2018. p. 155–157 (in Russian).

18. Artemyeva A.A., Baranova M.S., Kibets A.I., Romanov V.I., Ryabov A.I., Shoshin D.V. Finite element analysis of the stability of an elastic-plastic spherical shell under comprehensive compression. Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im N.I. Lobachevskogo = Vestnik of Lobachevsky University of Nizhni Novgorod. 2011;(3):158–162 (in Russian).

19. Kositsyn S.B., Akulich V.Yu. Determination of the critical load of the loss of stability of the rod and plane models of a circular cylindrical shell interacting with the base. Construction mechanics of engineering structures and structures. 2019;15(4):291–297 (in Russian).

20. Gumerova H.S. Model loss of stability of the thermosensitive shell of rotation obtained by winding. Vestnik Tekhnologicheskogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Technological University. 2019;22(4):122–124 (in Russian).

21. Rach V.A., Mogilny G.A., Malkov I.V. Method of manufacturing composite products from composite materials by continuous winding: Patent No. 2089444 C1 Russian Federation. Publ. date 10 September 1997 (in Russian).

22. Popova A.P. Investigation of the stability of a compressed anisotropic cylindrical shell. Aktual’nye problemy aviatsii i kosmonavtiki [Actual problems of aviation and cosmonautics]. 2018;1(14):266–268 (in Russian).

23. Rytova T.G. On the issue of loss of stability of prestressed thin-walled cylindrical shells. Vestnik Chuvashskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. I.Ya. Yakovleva. Seriya: Mekhanika predel’nogo sostoyaniya = Bulletin of the Yakovlev Chuvash State Pedagogical University. Series: Mechanics of Limit State. 2019;(4);111–118 (in Russian).

24. Li C., Liu Z.-H., Zheng Y.-P. Effect of anisotropy of composite material plate on hole-edge stresses of rectangle hole. Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban). 2007;37(6):1327–1331.

25. Vasiliev V.V. To the problem of stability of a cylindrical shell under axial compression. Mechanics of Solids. 2011;46(2):161–169 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.3103/s0025654411020026

26. Rychkov S.P. Modeling of structures in the Femap environment with NX Nastran. Moscow: DMK Press Publ.; 2013 (in Russian).