Increasing fire resistance and reducing fire hazard of building structures made of advanced wood materials

Introduction. The development of wooden housing construction requires the improvement of regulatory framework for the fire safety of building structures made from advanced wood materials. This appears impossible without conducting research into the fire resistance and fire hazard of such structures. Advanced wood materials such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL), cross-laminated timber (CLT), and laminated timber become increasingly widespread in construction.

Aim. To obtain reliable experimental and analytical data on developing recommendations for increasing fire resistance limits and reducing fire hazard of the studied building structures.

Materials and methods. The article presents tests of building structures made from advanced wood materials with various claddings and fire protection coatings. The tests were performed using State Standard 30247.1‑94 and State Standard 30403-2012 methods for determining the fire resistance limit and fire hazard class.

Results. The use of cladding and fire protection coatings increases the fire resistance limits of the studied vertical and horizontal wooden structures: up to R30 and K0(15) under State Standard R 59274-2020 fire-retardant paint with a consumption of 800 g/m2 for trusses, beams, purlins, and column supports of attic-less roofs; up to R120 and K0(45) under reinforced structural cladding made of two 12.5 mm plasterboard sheets and 50 mm non-combustible mineral wool slabs for load-bearing structures of buildings, including trusses, beams, and columns.

Conclusions. We suppose to use the results of the study for the development and improvement of regulatory documents in the field of fire safety, as well as for the development of a roadmap for regulatory documents of wooden housing construction, in particular for preparing amendments to the SP 64.13330.2017 “SNiP II‑25‑80 Wooden Structures”.

1. Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ “Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements” [internet]. Available at: https://normativ.kontur.ru/document?moduleId=1&documentId=444219. (In Russian).

2. SP 64.13330.2017. Timber structures. Updated version of SNiP II-25-80 [internet]. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/456082589. (In Russian).

3. State Standard 30247.1-94. Elements of building construction. Fire resistance test methods. Loadbearing and separating constructions. Moscow: Publishing House of Standards; 1995. (In Russian).

4. State Standard 30403-2012. Building structures. Fire hazard test method. Moscow: Standartinform Publ.; 2014. (In Russian).

5. State Standard R 59274-2020. Fire resistant coating for wood based on polimer-emulsion composition. Specifications. Moscow: Standartinform Publ.; 2021. (In Russian).

6. State Standard 6266-97. Gypsum plasterboards. Specifications. Moscow: Gosstroy of Russia; 1999.

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